19.04.2023

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Allgemeine Hinweise

Das Consolenkabel mit dem Router verbinden und folgende Einstellungen vornehmen
Hyperterminal Verbindung
Einstellungen

Bits pro Sekunde	9600
Datenbits		8
Parität			keine
Stoppbits		1
Flusssteuerung		keine

nach dem Herstellen der Verbindung kann der Router gestartet werden, es sollten gleich einige Startmeldungen erscheinen.

wenn der Router neu ist erfolgt die abfrage der Passwörter und der Zuweisung der IP Adresse für den Router.

Liste aller möglichen Befehle erhält man mit ?

Router>?
Exec commands:
  access-enable    Create a temporary Access-List entry
  access-profile   Apply user-profile to interface
  clear            Reset functions
  connect          Open a terminal connection
  disable          Turn off privileged commands
  disconnect       Disconnect an existing network connection
  enable           Turn on privileged commands
  exit             Exit from the EXEC
  help             Description of the interactive help system
  lock             Lock the terminal
  login            Log in as a particular user
  logout           Exit from the EXEC
  name-connection  Name an existing network connection
  ping             Send echo messages
  ppp              Start IETF Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP)
  resume           Resume an active network connection
  rlogin           Open an rlogin connection
  set              Set system parameter (not config)
  show             Show running system information
  slip             Start Serial-line IP (SLIP)
  systat           Display information about terminal lines
  telnet           Open a telnet connection
  terminal         Set terminal line parameters
  traceroute       Trace route to destination
  tunnel           Open a tunnel connection
  where            List active connections
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Privilegierte Modus

in dem "Privilegierten Modus" kommt man durch die Eingabe von "enable" am Prompt des Routers. Beendet wird der "Privilegierten Modus" mit "disable".

Router>enable
Router#?
Exec commands:
  access-enable    Create a temporary Access-List entry
  access-profile   Apply user-profile to interface
  access-template  Create a temporary Access-List entry
  archive          manage archive files
  cd               Change current directory
  clear            Reset functions
  clock            Manage the system clock
  configure        Enter configuration mode
  connect          Open a terminal connection
  copy             Copy from one file to another
  debug            Debugging f
  delete           Delete a file
  dir              List files on a filesystem
  disable          Turn off privileged commands
  disconnect       Disconnect an existing network connection
  enable           Turn on privileged commands
  erase            Erase a filesystem
  exit             Exit from the EXEC
  help             Description of the interactive help system
  isdn             Make/disconnect an isdn data call on a BRI interface
  lock             Lock the terminal
  login            Log in as a part
  logout           Exit from the EXEC
  more             Display the contents of a file
  name-connection  Name an existing network connection
  no               Disable debugging functions
  ping             Send echo messages
  ppp              Start IETF Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP)
  pwd              Display current working directory
  reload           Halt and perform a cold restart
  resume           Resume an active network connection
  rlogin           Open an rlogin connection
  rsh              Execute a remote command
  send             Send a message to other tty lines
  set              Set system parameter (not config)
  setup            Run the SETUP command facility
  show             Show running system information
  slip             Start Serial-line IP (SLIP)
  squeeze          Squeeze a filesystem
  start-chat       Start a chat-script on a line
  systat           Display information about terminal lines
  telnet           Open a telnet connection
  terminal         Set terminal line parameters
  test             Test subsystems, memory, and interfaces
  traceroute       Trace route to destination
  tunnel           Open a tunnel connection
  undebug          Disable debugging functions (see also 'debug')
  undelete         Undelete a file
  verify           Verify a file
  where            List active connections
  write            Write running configuration to memory, network, or terminal
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Globale Konfiguration

durch die Eingabe von "configure" kommt man in den globalen Konfigurationsmodus, beendet wird dieser durch "exit". Mit "end" oder der Tastenkonbination "CTRL-Z" kommt man zum Privilegierten Modus.

Router>enable
Router#configure
Configuring from terminal, memory, or network [terminal]?
Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.
Router(config)#?
Configure commands:
  aaa                         Authentication, Authorization and Accounting.
  access-list                 Add an access list entry
  alias                       Create command alias
  arp                         Set a static ARP entry
  async-bootp                 Modify system bootp parameters
  banner                      Define a login banner
  boot                        Modify system boot parameters
  bridge                      Bridge Group.
  buffers                     Adjust system buffer pool parameters
  busy-message                Display message when connection to host fails
  call-history-mib            Define call history mib parameters
  cdp                         Global CDP configuration subcommands
  chat-script                 Define a modem chat script
  clock                       Configure time-of-day clock
  config-register             Define the configuration register
  default                     Set a command to its defaults
  default-value               Default character-bits values
  dial-peer                   Dial Map (Peer) configuration commands
  dialer                      Dialer watch commands
  dialer-list                 Create a dialer list entry
  dnsix-dmdp                  Provide DMDP service for DNSIX
  dnsix-dmdp                  Provide DMDP service for DNSIX
  dnsix-nat                   Provide DNSIX service for audit trails
  downward-compatible-config  Generate a configuration compatible with older
                              software
  enable                      Modify enable password parameters
  end                         Exit from configure mode
  exception                   Exception handling
  exit                        Exit from configure mode
  file                        Adjust file system parameters
  frame-relay                 global frame relay configuration commands
  help                        Description of the interactive help system
  hostname                    Set system's network name
  interface                   Select an interface to configure
  ip                          Global IP configuration subcommands
  isdn                        ISDN configuration commands
  key                         Key management
  line                        Configure a terminal line
  logging                     Modify message logging facilities
  login-string                Define a host-specific login string
  map-class                   Configure static map class
  map-list                    Configure static map list
  menu                        Define a user-interface menu
  multilink                   PPP multilink global configuration
  netbios                     NETBIOS access control filtering
  no                          Negate a command or set its defaults
  pots                        Phone configuration commands
  priority-list               Build a priority list
  privilege                   Command privilege parameters
  prompt                      Set system's prompt
  queue-list                  Build a custom queue list
  resume-string               Define a host-specific resume string
  rlogin                      Rlogin configuration commands
  route-map                   Create route-map or enter route-map command mode
  router                      Enable a routing process
  scheduler                   Scheduler parameters
  service                     Modify use of network based services
  snmp-server                 Modify SNMP parameters
  sntp                        Configure SNTP
  state-machine               Define a TCP dispatch state machine
  subscriber-policy           Subscriber policy
  tacacs-server               Modify TACACS query parameters
  terminal-queue              Terminal queue commands
  tftp-server                 Provide TFTP service for netload requests
  time-range                  Define time range entries
  username                    Establish User Name Authentication

Router(config)#

durch die Eingabe von einem Buchstaben und dem ? erhält man eine Auswahl von den möglichen Befehlen.

Router(config)#i?
interface  ip  isdn
Router(config)#in ?
  Async              Async interface
  BRI                ISDN Basic Rate Interface
  BVI                Bridge-Group Virtual Interface
  Dialer             Dialer interface
  Ethernet           IEEE 802.3
  Group-Async        Async Group interface
  Lex                Lex interface
  Loopback           Loopback interface
  Multilink          Multilink-group interface
  Null               Null interface
  Port-channel       Ethernet Channel of interfaces
  Tunnel             Tunnel interface
  Virtual-Template   Virtual Template interface
  Virtual-TokenRing  Virtual TokenRing

mit TAB kann man den aktuellen Befehl ergänzen.

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Interface Konfiguration

die Interfacekonfiguration erreicht man durch die Eingabe von "interface"Name des zu konfigurierenden Interface", beendet wird es wie die globale Konfiguration mittels "exit". Mit "end" oder der Tastenkonbination "CTRL-Z" kommt man zum Privilegierten Modus.

Router(config)#interface ethernet 0
Router(config-if)#?
Interface configuration commands:
  access-expression   Build a bridge boolean access expression
  arp                 Set arp type (arpa, probe, snap) or timeout
  bandwidth           Set bandwidth informational parameter
  bridge-group        Transparent bridging interface parameters
  carrier-delay       Specify delay for interface transitions
  cdp                 CDP interface subcommands
  custom-queue-list   Assign a custom queue list to an interface
  default             Set a command to its defaults
  delay               Specify interface throughput delay
  description         Interface specific description
  exit                Exit from interface configuration mode
  fair-queue          Enable Fair Queuing on an Interface
  help                Description of the interactive help system
  hold-queue          Set hold queue depth
  ip                  Interface Internet Protocol config commands
  keepalive           Enable keepalive
  llc2                LLC2 Interface Subcommands
  load-interval       Specify interval for load calculation for an interface
  logging             Configure logging for interface
  loopback            Configure internal loopback on an interface
  mac-address         Manually set interface MAC address
  mtu                 Set the interface Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU)
  multilink-group     Put interface in a multilink bundle
  netbios             Use a defined NETBIOS access list or enable name-caching
  no                  Negate a command or set its defaults
  priority-group      Assign a priority group to an interface
  random-detect       Enable Weighted Random Early Detection (WRED) on an
                      Interface
  shutdown            Shutdown the selected interface
  snapshot            Configure snapshot support on the interface
  snmp                Modify SNMP interface parameters
  standby             Hot standby interface subcommands
  timeout             Define timeout values for this interface
  transmit-interface  Assign a transmit interface to a receive-only interface
  tx-queue-limit      Configure card level transmit queue limit
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Line Konfiguration

Die Konfiguration wird gestartet durch "line", beendet wird es wie die Line Konfiguration mittels "exit". Mit "end" oder der Tastenkonbination "CTRL-Z" kommt man zum Privilegierten Modus.

Router(config)#line vty 1
Router(config-line)#?
Line configuration commands:
  absolute-timeout            Set absolute timeout for line disconnection
  access-class                Filter connections based on an IP access list
  activation-character        Define the activation character
  autobaud                    Set line to autobaud
  autocommand                 Automatically execute an EXEC command
  autocommand-options         Autocommand options
  autohangup                  Automatically hangup when last connection closes
  data-character-bits         Size of characters being handled
  databits                    Set number of data bits per character
  default                     Set a command to its defaults
  disconnect-character        Define the disconnect character
  dispatch-character          Define the dispatch character
  dispatch-machine            Reference a TCP dispatch state machine
  dispatch-timeout            Set the dispatch timer
  domain-lookup               Enable domain lookups in show commands
  editing                     Enable command line editing
  escape-character            Change the current line's escape character
  exec                        Start an EXEC process
  exec-banner                 Enable the display of the EXEC banner
  exec-character-bits         Size of characters to the command exec
  exec-timeout                Set the EXEC timeout
  exit                        Exit from line configuration mode
  flowcontrol                 Set the flow control
  flush-at-activation         Clear input stream at activation
  full-help                   Provide help to unprivileged user
  help                        Description of the interactive help system
  history                     Enable and control the command history function
  hold-character              Define the hold character
  insecure                    Mark line as 'insecure' for LAT
  international               Enable international 8-bit character support
  ip                          IP options
  length                      Set number of lines on a screen
  location                    Enter terminal location description
  lockable                    Allow users to lock a line
  logging                     Modify message logging facilities
  login                       Enable password checking
  logout-warning              Set Warning countdown for absolute timeout of
                              line
  modem                       Configure the Modem Control Lines
  monitor                     Copy debug output to the current terminal line
  motd-banner                 Enable the display of the MOTD banner
  no                          Negate a command or set its defaults
  notify                      Inform users of output from concurrent sessions
  padding                     Set padding for a specified output character
  parity                      Set terminal parity
  password                    Set a password
  private                     Configuration options that user can set will
                              remain in effect between terminal sessions
  privilege                   Change privilege level for line
  refuse-message              Define a refuse banner
  rotary                      Add line to a rotary group
  rxspeed                     Set the receive speed
  script                      specify event related chat scripts to run on the
                              line
  session-disconnect-warning  Set warning countdown for session-timeout
  session-limit               Set maximum number of sessions
  session-timeout             Set interval for closing connection when there is
                              no input traffic
  special-character-bits      Size of the escape (and other special) characters
  speed                       Set the transmit and receive speeds
  start-character             Define the start character
  stop-character              Define the stop character
  stopbits                    Set async line stop bits
  telnet                      Telnet protocol-specific configuration
  terminal-type               Set the terminal type
  timeout                     Timeouts for the line
  transport                   Define transport protocols for line
  txspeed                     Set the transmit speeds
  vacant-message              Define a vacant banner
  width                       Set width of the display terminal
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Beispiele

Hostname setzen

Router(config)#hostname cisco

Passwort setzen

cisco(config)#enable secret <geheim>
cisco(config)#ip subnet-zero
cisco(config)#no ip domain-lookup

IP Addresse setzen

cisco(config)#interface eth 0
cisco(config-if)#ip add 192.168.2.254 255.255.255.0
cisco(config-if)#no shutdown
cisco(config-if)#end
cisco#copy run start

Konfiguration permanent sichern

cisco#copy running-config startup-config

Konfiguration anzeigen

cisco#show running-config
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Kennwort zurücksetzten

Cisco 160x Serie

User break detected at location 0x2006718
rommon 1 > confreg 0x2142
rommon 2 > i

Cisco 250x Serie

Abort at 0x3171892 (PC)
>o/r 0x2142
>i

 

enable
erase nvram

oder

enable enable Modus
erase startup-config Alte Konfiguration inclusive Kennwörter löschen
configure terminal Konfiguration des Registers vorbereiten
config-register 0x2102 Original Register setzen
exit Konfigurationsmodus beenden
reload Keine Änderungen speichern

 

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